"Zhong jian xin jia yuan": Zhongguo Sichuan san ge zhen hou cun zhuang zhong de xing bie, huan jing he guo jia

“Reconstructing new homeland” (重建新家園) became the key policy in Sichuan’s rural reform after the 2008 earthquake at Wenchuan. Discursively and in practice, the “homeland” that was being reconstructed involved two components — “home” and “land”. In the Chinese context, “home” referred to both family and household, while “land” consisted of the physical environment and the resources therein. This thesis argues that all these components were constructed and contested by gendered subjects, and the “reconstructing new homeland” policy was a site where the gender-environment linkage became highly contextualized.Combining feminist political ecology with post-structural theory, this study examines the nature and process of how gender and the environment were linked. Ethnographic field work was carried out in three villages in Sichuan—one on the mountain, the second at the foothill, and the third on the plains. The study found that, firstly, these changes provided new opportunities to male members of the villages, and as a result resurrected their declining power and status across the state, community, household and individual levels. These led to the marginalization of women, the elderly, the poor, and non-officials, in contrast to the empowerment of men, the young, the rich, the educated, and officials. Secondly, in the reform of the land policy and in the reorganization of the built environment, citizens, their gender, and family life were increasingly being put under state surveillance which resulted in the reorganization of the family and reshaping of gender relations.“重建新家園”是2008年汶川大地震後四川災後重建的核心政策，也是中國農村城鎮化改革的試驗。字面上和實踐中，“家園”包含“家”和“園”兩個層面。“家”指家庭和家戶，由性別主體構成；“園”指自然環境資源。“家園”因此將性別和環境聯繫起來。“重建新家園”也包含兩個層面：“家”的重建和“園”的重建。“家”重建包含住房的建設和居住環境的提升和改造。與之配套的“園”重建是建立發展生態環保產業，具體措施包含土地集中、農業產業化、生態旅遊和關閉環境落後企業等。性別與環境因此在“重建新家園”的實踐中相關聯。本文研究性別主體在“家”“園”重建中如何被建構、實踐並被重構。將女性政治生態學與後結構主義理論相結合，本文觀察性別和環境的關聯及其互動過程。本人於二零零零年至二零零一年對四川三個村莊的進行了田野考察。三個村莊處於不同的地理位置，一個在山腰，一個在山腳，一個在平壩。通過對國家、社區、家戶和個人四個层面的觀察研究發現：首先，災後環境變遷為地位下降的男性家庭成員提供了新的機會，幫助他們重新獲得權利和地位；與之對比，婦女、老人、窮人和非政治背景等弱勢群體在重建過程中逐漸邊緣化。其次，土地集中和農村居住環境的重建將公民、性別和家庭置於國家日益強化的監管之下。這樣的監管和重建最終導致的家庭生活的變遷和性別關係的重構。Li, Xueli.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 247-272).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 09, September, 2016).Li, Xueli.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only